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These differences were written on flipcharts during two sessions held in 1999, attended by B. Graham and C. McKay (tutors), and D. Akam, C. Baker, S. Cook, J. Darwell, J. Hall, L. Hooper, J. Kippin, S. Madge, C. Metcalfe, A. Plouviez, and D. Wilkinson.

Making art

Art practice Ph.D.:

Can 'let the work speak for itself' (though some commissions stress 'educational' elements).

Responsibility to communicate clearly and explicitly about the artwork/process/research (though there are arguments about whether this can be embodied in the artwork itself). Demands a dissertation.

Could just repeat previous work if the market demands! ('Good art' is unlikely to).

Demands 'original knowledge'.

'Original' to an audience/critics who could be from a very narrow area.

'Original' within an academic discipline. Need to explore in depth and breadth and be aware of others' research.

Artwork end product usually demanded from gallery/commission/residency.

Artwork end product not essential if research is good (end product is the dissertation?)

Is often about trying to answer questions.

Is about trying to answer research questions.

Learning is through the process/peers/training.

Involves a training in research techniques.

Artworld status if lucky! ('academic art' may be looked down on?)

Academic status - career enhancement. (Artworld status if lucky!)

Duration: tends to depend on opportunities as they arise. Stimulating, but can scatter aims.

Duration: encourages looking at things in depth, but can get 'bogged down'.

Rigour and 'quality control' depends on individual (and arts institutions/audience?) The rigour of materials and making.

Rigour and 'quality control' defined by academic rules/ethics, external examiners (and individual standards?) The rigour of materials and making.

Freedom to trick, lie, satirise, adopt opinions, and shock the bourgeoisie.

Responsibility to tell the truth, avoid misquoting/ misrepresentation, and to justify opinions.

'Competition' of artworld can keep you sharp, but is sometimes unfair, or fashion driven.

Lack of artworld 'competition' enables a different kind of work, but risks 'dullness'?

Artists can be jealous and petulant.

Academics can be jealous and petulant.

Good opportunity to try to escape institutionalisation.

Good opportunity for "Doctor" jokes.

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